H.R. 1653 — Civil Investigative Demand Reform Act of 2025

This section amends the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's (CFPB) civil investigative demand (CID) authority under the Consumer Financial Protection Act of 2010 as follows: (1) limits CID issuance to not later than 6 years after the date of the alleged violation (previously, no such time limit beyond before institution of proceedings); (2) requires each CID to state the nature of the conduct constituting the alleged violation with specific reference to particular facts; (3) authorizes an attorney advising the CID recipient to submit questions to the CFPB on the demand's scope or breadth, requires the CFPB to respond within 20 days or by the demand's return date (whichever is shorter), and permits the CFPB to extend the return date and petition deadline with its response; (4) extends confidential treatment to the contents of petitions to modify or set aside a CID; (5) specifies grounds upon which the CFPB must set aside a CID, including noncompliance with statutory requirements, assertion of a constitutional or other legal right or privilege, undue burden or cost outside the inquiry's scope, or the material being unreasonably cumulative, duplicative, or more conveniently obtainable elsewhere; and (6) subjects CFPB denial of a petition to modify or set aside a CID to judicial review. (CIDs enable the CFPB to compel production of documents, tangible things, reports, or testimony relevant to potential violations of federal consumer financial law prior to enforcement proceedings.)