H.R. 2419 — Patient Fairness Act of 2025

This section modifies health savings accounts (HSAs)—tax-advantaged savings vehicles for qualified medical expenses available to eligible individuals enrolled in high-deductible health plans (HDHPs) without disqualifying coverage—for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2025, by (1) eliminating the requirement under current law that taxpayers be eligible individuals for any month of the taxable year to deduct contributions; (2) striking limitations that disqualify HSA eligibility due to Medicare enrollment, other health coverage, or certain family coverage; (3) replacing contribution limits based on the sum of monthly limitations (generally tied to HDHP deductibles) with fixed annual limits of $8,000 ($16,000 for joint returns), plus $3,000 ($6,000 for joint returns) for each dependent; (4) increasing the additional catch-up contribution for individuals age 55 or older to $3,000 ($6,000 for joint returns if both qualify) (from $1,000); (5) allowing nontaxable transfers of an HSA balance after the beneficiary's death to a relative's HSA if deposited within 60 days; and (6) making conforming amendments, including revisions to cost-of-living adjustments (changing the base year to calendar year 2020 from 2016).

This section codifies as law the hospital price transparency regulations (45 CFR part 180). (As background, those regulations require each hospital operating in the United States to make public its standard charges—both gross charges and payer-specific negotiated charges—for all items and services, including a subset of "shoppable services" for which patients can schedule appointments in advance.)