H.R. 3426 — Courthouse Affordability and Space Efficiency Act of 2025

This section prohibits the Administrator of General Services from commencing construction of new federal courthouses after enactment unless they comply with specified courtroom sharing requirements—(1) in courthouses with 10 or more active district judges, 2 courtrooms per 3 active district judges (with at least 9 courtrooms); (2) in courthouses with 3 or more bankruptcy judges, 1 courtroom per 2 bankruptcy judges; (3) in courthouses with 3 or more senior district judges, 1 courtroom per 2 senior district judges; and (4) in courthouses with 3 or more magistrate judges, 1 courtroom per 2 magistrate judges. The section further directs the United States Courts Design Guide to incorporate these requirements to the maximum extent practicable within 180 days of enactment and requires full utilization or relinquishment of existing space in the same courthouse complex before adding new capacity. (Thus, the requirements promote efficient use of space in courthouses managed by the General Services Administration.)