H.R. 4320 — Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse Public Safety Improvement Act of 2025

This section requires motor carriers, as defined in 49 U.S.C. §13102 and using vehicles weighing not less than 10,000 pounds, to promptly submit to the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse any record of a positive hair drug test result from a preemployment or random drug test administered through a covered device (i.e., a device cleared under §510(k) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. §360(k))). Hair drug test results must come from a laboratory accredited by the College of American Pathologists for forensic hair drug testing that incorporates, if available, Department of Health and Human Services scientific and technical guidelines for hair testing. The section further directs the Secretary of Transportation to issue implementing regulations within one year after enactment, including updates to 49 C.F.R. §382.107 to incorporate such hair drug test results into the definition of actual knowledge. (As background, the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse, established under 49 U.S.C. §31306a, enables sharing of commercial motor vehicle drivers' verified positive controlled substances test results and refusals to test among motor carriers, service agents, and other authorized users to prevent drivers with drug violations from performing safety-sensitive functions.)