H.R. 4591 — Habitat Enhancement Now Act

This section establishes two competitive grant programs, to be administered by the Secretary of the Interior within 180 days of enactment, to improve nesting success rates of migratory waterfowl populations. (1) A hen house grant program to award funds to eligible entities (i.e., State, local, or Tribal governments; nonprofits; individuals) for strategically placing, building, and maintaining hen houses (i.e., cylindrical nest structures on posts) in the prairie pothole region (i.e., primary nesting grounds of most North American ducks); and (2) a breeding habitat grant program to award funds to eligible entities for developing breeding habitat in California, including establishing nesting cover, creating brood ponds, and providing incentives to private landowners. For each of FY2026 through 2030, $3.5 million is made available annually for the hen house program and $3.5 million annually for the breeding habitat program from funds appropriated to the Department of the Interior—Office of the Secretary—Departmental Operations account.