H.R. 5744 — Targeting Online Sales of Fentanyl Act

This section directs the Comptroller General of the United States to conduct a study on the online sale of fentanyl, synthetic opioids, and methamphetamine, including (1) business models and supply chains used by online sellers; (2) use of online illicit drug markets and providers (i.e., electronic communication service providers or remote computing services, as defined in 18 U.S.C. 2258E), particularly for financial transactions impacting individuals 18 years of age or younger; (3) federal efforts to combat such sales over the past 10 years, including interagency, intergovernmental, and intersectoral collaboration, case handling procedures, outcomes analysis, and identified gaps; (4) detection models used by providers, such as machine learning and data analysis; (5) provider enforcement mechanisms, such as account suspensions and law enforcement reporting; and (6) analysis of provider referrals to the federal government, including numbers investigated, resulting arrests, prosecutions, convictions, and sharing with state, tribal, or local governments. The section further requires the Comptroller General to submit a report to Congress on all study findings within one year of enactment.