H.R. 607 — ATF Accountability Act of 2025

This section establishes an administrative appeal process for licensed firearms manufacturers, importers, and dealers to challenge Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) rulings or determinations (including on product classifications, regulated business practices, or recordkeeping) as follows: (1) ATF must issue a written ruling within 90 days of a licensee's request; (2) the licensee may appeal to the Director of Industry Operations within 30 days, with a decision due within 30 days; (3) the licensee may further request an administrative law judge (ALJ) hearing within 75 days of the initial ruling or 14 days of the Director's decision (whichever later), with the hearing set within 90 days and ALJ decision due within 90 days after; and (4) the Director's or ALJ's decision constitutes final agency action subject to judicial review under 5 USC chapter 7, is binding on ATF and the licensee, and stays the ruling's effective date pending completion of the administrative appeal and any judicial review. The process applies to determinations made before, on, or after enactment.