H.R. 6179 — Clean Cloud Act of 2025

This section declares congressional findings that data centers account for approximately 1% of global electricity demand and 4% of U.S. electricity use (projected to reach 12% by 2028); demand for data center services has grown due to information technology, artificial intelligence, and the COVID-19 pandemic; proof-of-work cryptocurrency mining is energy-intensive, with U.S. Bitcoin mining hashrate increasing 739% from September 2020 to January 2022 and comprising the largest global share as of July 2021; there is limited transparency on energy sources for domestic cryptomining and data centers; and retired fossil fuel plants are being reactivated to power cryptomining facilities and data centers.

This section establishes annual data collection requirements under the Clean Air Act for the EPA Administrator, in conjunction with the EIA Administrator, on electricity consumption by covered facilities—defined as data centers or cryptomining facilities with more than 100 kilowatts of installed information technology nameplate power. (1) From covered facility owners, including federally owned data centers: facility location (including balancing authority area), type (data center or cryptomining), owner, serving electric utility, total annual electricity consumption, behind-the-meter electricity consumption and its generation sources by percentage (e.g., wind, solar), power purchase agreements or similar contracts, and other relevant information. (2) From serving electric utilities: annual grid electricity consumed by each covered facility and its generation sources by percentage (using average utility resource mix unless specified contractual mechanisms apply, subject to demonstration criteria such as assets starting operations within 36 months of facility operations or preventing retirement), electric rates by consumer class for the current year and prior three years, and other relevant information.

This section establishes a severability clause, providing that if any provision of the Act or its amendments, or its application to any person or circumstance, is held unconstitutional, the remainder of the Act and its amendments, and their application to other persons or circumstances, remain unaffected.