H.R. 6553 — TIER Act of 2025

This section increases asset thresholds in multiple banking statutes to account for historical GDP growth, as follows: (1) in Federal Reserve Act assessments on bank holding companies and savings and loan holding companies, to $150 billion (from $100 billion) and between $150 billion and $370 billion (from $100 billion to $250 billion); (2) in the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, to $15 billion (from $10 billion) for financial holding company activities; (3) in the Financial Stability Act of 2010 (i.e., Title I of the Dodd-Frank Act, establishing enhanced prudential standards, supervision, and stress testing for large banking organizations), to $370 billion (from $250 billion) in multiple sections (§§116, 121, 163, 164, 165) for standards applicability, to $150 billion (from $100 billion) in §165(a), to $75 billion (from $50 billion) in §165(h)(2) for company-run stress tests, and to $15 billion (from $10 billion) in §163(b); and (4) in the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act, to $370 billion (from $250 billion) for delayed enhanced standards implementation. (Thus, fewer banking organizations generally will be subject to these heightened regulatory requirements.)

This section establishes a process under new §§177 and 178 of the Financial Stability Act of 2010 (Title I of Dodd-Frank) for the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, Comptroller of the Currency, and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to periodically increase specified asset thresholds for bank holding companies, savings and loan holding companies, and other financial companies—primarily those triggering enhanced prudential standards (i.e., stricter capital, liquidity, and stress testing requirements for systemically important firms), supervisory assessments, and resolution planning—based on growth in current-dollar U.S. gross domestic product (GDP). (1) Under §177, by April 1, 2031, and the first day of each subsequent five-year period, the Federal Reserve must increase statutory thresholds (e.g., total consolidated asset amounts in Federal Reserve Act §11 assessments and Dodd-Frank §§116, 121, 163, 164, 165, plus EGRRCPA §401) by the ratio, if greater than 1, of Commerce Department current-dollar U.S. GDP for the preceding calendar year to that for the calendar year preceding April 1, 2026; amounts ≥$100 billion round up to the nearest $50 billion, and < $100 billion to the nearest $5 billion; adjusted amounts publish in the Federal Register by April 5 and take effect January 1 of the following year. (2) Under §178, by June 30, 2026, and the first day of each subsequent five-year period, the agencies must review and similarly adjust any non-statutory asset or quantitative thresholds in regulations implementing or referencing Dodd-Frank §165 enhanced prudential standards—using GDP for the preceding calendar year relative to that preceding the threshold's effective date, the most recent published GDP values, rounding consistent with §177(d), and seeking uniform thresholds across agencies—then report modifications to Congress. (Thus, these inflation-adjusted increases, keyed to nominal GDP growth, expand thresholds over time and may reduce the number of firms subject to enhanced regulation.) The section also makes conforming changes to the Dodd-Frank table of contents.