H.R. 7058 — Foreign Adversary AI Risk Assessment and Diplomacy Act

This section expresses the sense of Congress that generative artificial intelligence offers societal and economic benefits when developed responsibly but poses national security risks from increasing use by foreign adversaries, the challenges of which are not well understood. The section further states it is the sense of Congress that the Department of State, in consultation with other relevant federal departments and agencies, must take diplomatic steps—including bilateral and multilateral engagements and promotion of responsible state behavior in international fora—to recognize, assess, and address such use by foreign adversaries and reduce risks to the United States.

This section directs the Secretary of State, in consultation with relevant federal agencies, to submit to the appropriate congressional committees an assessment of risks to the United States posed by foreign adversaries using generative artificial intelligence for malicious activities—initially not later than 180 days after enactment and annually thereafter for three years. Each assessment must analyze (1) incidents during the preceding calendar year involving such use or attempted use against the United States or its allies to produce synthetic media or propaganda, enhance chemical/biological/radiological/nuclear weapons, facilitate cyber operations, or bolster military/surveillance/intelligence capabilities; (2) emerging trends, including attribution to specific adversaries and implications for U.S. foreign policy, diplomacy, and international norms; and (3) recommendations to mitigate and counter these risks. Assessments must be submitted in unclassified form (with a possible classified annex) and have their unclassified portions posted on a public Department of State website.

This section defines the following terms for purposes of the Act: (1) appropriate congressional committees as the House Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations; (2) artificial intelligence as defined in the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401(3)); (3) foreign adversary as covered nation under 10 U.S.C. 4872(f); and (4) generative artificial intelligence applications as artificial intelligence models that emulate the structure and characteristics of input data to generate derived synthetic content, including images, videos, audio, text, and other digital content.