H.R. 711 — FAIR Act of 2025

This section prohibits the Federal Government, its officers, employees, or agents from intentionally discriminating against or granting a preference to any person or group based in whole or in part on race, color, or national origin in connection with (1) federal contracts or subcontracts, (2) federal employment, or (3) any other federally conducted program or activity. The section further prohibits the Federal Government from requiring or encouraging federal contractors, subcontractors, or recipients of federal licenses or financial assistance from intentionally discriminating against or granting such a preference to any person or group based in whole or in part on race, color, or national origin in connection with any federal contract, subcontract, license, or financial assistance.

This section prohibits a state or private entity that receives federal financial assistance from discriminating against or granting a preference to any person or group based in whole or in part on race, color, or national origin in (1) any contract or subcontract, (2) employment, or (3) admission to any educational institution.

This section directs the head of each federal department and agency, in consultation with the Attorney General, to review all existing policies and regulations under their administration not later than six months after enactment, modify them to conform to this Act, and report the results to the House and Senate Judiciary Committees.

This section authorizes any person aggrieved by a violation of section 2 or 3 to bring a civil action against the violator—including governmental entities—for appropriate relief, including back pay, and requires courts to award reasonable attorney’s fees to prevailing plaintiffs as part of costs. The section states that it does not affect remedies available under other laws.

This section provides that the Act does not affect (1) any case pending on the date of enactment or (2) any contract or subcontract in effect on such date, including any option exercised under such contract or subcontract before or after enactment.

This section establishes definitions for purposes of the Act, including (1) "Federal government" as the executive and legislative branches of the Government of the United States, and (2) "preference" as an advantage of any kind, including a quota, set-aside, numerical goal, timetable, or other numerical objective.