H.R. 8287 — Semiconductor Controls Effectiveness Act of 2026

This section expresses the sense of Congress that (1) U.S. export controls on semiconductor manufacturing equipment and advanced integrated circuits are critical for U.S. national security and the artificial intelligence race with the People's Republic of China; (2) the efficacy of such controls requires rigorous, data-driven evaluation; (3) the controls have impacted the PRC's military modernization, indigenous semiconductor industry, and advanced artificial intelligence development; and (4) the American public benefits from public disclosure of data and impact analyses on the national security, foreign policy, and economic effects of these policies.

This section directs the Assistant Secretary of State for Intelligence and Research, in coordination with the Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security and the Director of National Intelligence, to submit to the appropriate congressional committees, not later than 360 days after enactment, an unclassified report—posted on the Department of State website, with a possible classified annex—on the impact and effectiveness of U.S. semiconductor and semiconductor manufacturing equipment export controls destined for the People's Republic of China (PRC). The report must include (1) a comprehensive inventory of all such controls, detailing for each its description and imposition date, type (technology, end-use, or end-user), unilateral nature or international implementation, and quantitative analysis of impacts on PRC military/intelligence/surveillance capabilities, advanced integrated circuit development, indigenous semiconductor industry revenue and market share, artificial intelligence capabilities, U.S. company revenue and market share, U.S. technology leadership, and effectiveness in meeting national security objectives; (2) an analysis of foreign availability undermining controls, including sources from PRC or U.S. allies/partners; and (3) identification of most successful controls, failed controls harming U.S. industry without security gains, recommendations for industry cooperation and compliance, and refinements to controls, enforcement, and diversion loopholes. In preparing the report, the Assistant Secretary must engage relevant federal agencies, U.S. semiconductor/advanced computing private sector entities, and academic/think tank experts.

This section defines the term "appropriate congressional committees" as (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate.