S. 155 — MAILS Act

This section defines, for purposes of the Act—(1) "post office" as a facility owned or leased by the Postal Service, managed by a postmaster, responsible for customer services, local delivery, and receipt and dispatch of all classes of mail (and potentially processing and distribution for surrounding facilities), including remotely managed, part-time, and administrative post offices; (2) "Postal Service" as the United States Postal Service; and (3) "temporary relocation" as a temporary relocation of retail services from a post office to support business for a holiday, special event, or overflow, as described in 39 C.F.R. § 241.4(a)(2)(i).

This section directs the Postal Service to establish, by regulation not later than 90 days after enactment, a formal process for a local government official to request a new post office within the locality.

This section directs the U.S. Postal Service to amend its regulations on post office relocations (39 C.F.R. § 241.4) to impose new requirements for temporary relocations, including those for commemorative events, as follows: (1) prohibiting implementation of any such relocation lasting longer than two days without collecting and considering community input under regulatory paragraph (c); (2) requiring written notification to local elected officials at least 30 days prior, with an offer to discuss the proposal under paragraph (c), plus public notice at least 15 days prior and a public presentation under paragraph (c) no later than 15 days after notifying officials; and (3) requiring status updates to relevant local government officials no later than 60 days after the initial 30-day comment period under paragraph (c), and every 60 days thereafter until 60 days after the relocation ends.

This section requires the U.S. Postal Service to submit a report to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, the House Committee on Oversight and Accountability, and members of Congress representing the affected congressional district or state for any temporary post office relocation exceeding 180 days (whether due to the original projection or an extension). The report, due not later than 30 days after the first day of the relocation or relevant extension, must include (1) whether applicable communication requirements were met within required timelines and, if not, an explanation for noncompliance; and (2) whether the relocation period is being extended and, if so, an explanation for the extension.