S. 1693 — FARMER Act of 2025

This section establishes premium support by the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation for individual farm-based revenue protection or yield protection plans of insurance elected on an enterprise unit or whole farm unit basis, requiring the Corporation to pay 77% of the premium for coverage levels specified in 508(e)(2)(F) and 68% for those in 508(e)(2)(G) (notwithstanding the standard rates in those subparagraphs). (As background, the Federal Crop Insurance Program subsidizes a portion of producers' premiums to protect against revenue or yield losses from natural disasters; enterprise and whole farm units cover multiple fields or the entire farm, respectively, often at lower standard subsidy rates than optional or basic units.)

This section revises the coverage level under the supplemental coverage option (SCO) of the Federal Crop Insurance Program by decreasing one parameter to 10 (from 14) and increasing the area revenue threshold to 90% (from 86%), and increases the premium subsidy to 80% (from 65%). (SCO supplements an individual producer's crop insurance policy with additional protection against county- or area-wide losses exceeding specified thresholds.)

This section directs the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation to conduct or contract for a study on the feasibility of modifying the supplemental coverage option (SCO)—which provides producers additional area-based coverage (typically at the county level) above basic crop insurance levels but below full enterprise unit coverage—to apply in counties larger than 1,400 square miles at levels smaller than county-wide but greater than individual farm coverage. The Corporation must submit a report on the study results and recommendations to the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry and the House Committee on Agriculture not later than one year after enactment.