S. 2650 — DOCTORS Act

This section amends INA §214(l) (governing J-1 visa waivers of the two-year foreign residency requirement for physicians serving in underserved areas, known as Conrad State 30 waivers) to establish a reallocation process for unused waivers reported annually by state agencies beginning September 30, 2026. For FY2026 and each year thereafter, the Secretary of State must (1) calculate total unused waivers; (2) reallocate them equally as "supplemental waivers" among eligible state agencies (i.e., those that used at least 30 waivers the prior fiscal year), capped at one-third of the difference between total available waivers and those distributed that year; and (3) notify such agencies by January 1 of their allocation and distribution method. Ten percent of supplemental waivers distributed in a fiscal year must support positions in facilities serving patients in medically underserved communities (as defined in the Public Health Service Act).