S. 2745 — Federal Firefighter Cancer Detection and Prevention Act of 2025

This section requires the Secretary of Defense to provide, at no cost during annual periodic health assessments (or other specified intervals), medical testing and related services to Department of Defense firefighters to detect, document, and prevent certain cancers, including specified screenings that meet minimum criteria for breast, colon, and prostate cancers, as well as routine screenings for other cancers identified by the CDC Director as having higher risk or occurrence among firefighters than the general public. **(1)** Breast cancer screening for female firefighters includes mammograms twice yearly for ages 40-49, annually for age 50 or older, or as clinically indicated, with radiologist review comparing to prior mammograms; **(2)** colon cancer screening for firefighters age 40 or older (or clinically indicated) includes communication of stool-based blood testing risks and benefits, with firefighters age 45 or older (or clinically indicated) receiving regular visual examinations (e.g., colonoscopy) or stool-based testing and physician review of results; **(3)** prostate cancer screening for male firefighters includes communication of screening risks and benefits and annual prostate-specific antigen tests for age 50 or older, age 40 or older if high-risk (i.e., African American, with first-degree relative diagnosed early, or Secretary-determined), or as clinically indicated. Firefighters may opt out of services. The Secretary must use consensus technical standards (per 15 U.S.C. 272 note); document test acceptance and performance rates, cancer trends, and additional data (anonymized for privacy); and may share data with the CDC Director to study firefighter cancer occurrences. (Thus, these measures address firefighters' elevated occupational cancer risks from exposures such as smoke and carcinogens.)