S. 4154 — Research and Oversight of AI in Courts Act of 2026

This section establishes the AI Research and Oversight in Courts Task Force, to be created by the Attorney General through the Director of the National Institute of Justice not later than 60 days after enactment of this Act. The 15-member task force—composed of 4 federal employees (i.e., from the National Institute of Justice, Administrative Office of the United States Courts, clerks of court, federal judges, or federal prosecutors) and 11 non-federal members with required expertise in judicial record-making or related technology (ineligible if affiliated with AI developers)—is co-chaired by one federal and one non-federal appointee and serves without compensation (except travel reimbursement). The task force assesses policy, regulatory, and legal findings on AI speech-to-text and automatic speech recognition technologies in the U.S. judicial system, including feasibility, accuracy, privacy, civil liberties, and constitutional rights to accurate court records, and makes recommendations for judicial, legislative, or regulatory reforms. Not later than 18 months after establishment, it submits a final report to the Attorney General and the judiciary committees of Congress on transcription accuracy and quality; effects on speech impediments, accents, or dialects; litigant costs; cybersecurity risks; and other risks.