S. 583 — Reorganizing Government Act of 2025

This section revises the executive reorganization authority (5 U.S.C. Chapter 9), which enables the President to submit restructuring plans for executive branch entities that take effect absent congressional disapproval within 90 days, as follows: (1) expands permissible purposes of plans to include eliminating operations unnecessary for constitutional duties, reducing federal employees, easing regulatory compliance burdens, and eliminating operations not serving the public interest; (2) broadly defines "executive department" to include executive departments, agencies, independent establishments, wholly owned U.S. corporations, and executive offices/officers (excluding GAO and the Comptroller General); (3) eliminates prior limits barring abolition of enforcement functions or statutory programs; (4) prohibits plans creating a net increase in federal workers or expenditures; (5) extends the authority through December 31, 2026 (from December 31, 1984); and (6) increases the maximum number of allowable plans to 20 (from 19). (Thus, the President gains revived authority for targeted reductions and deregulation without congressional pre-approval for affected programs.)