S. 732 — Protecting American Agriculture from Foreign Adversaries Act of 2025

This section adds the Secretary of Agriculture as a member of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) for covered transactions involving agricultural land, agricultural biotechnology, or the agriculture industry (including agricultural transportation, storage, and processing). The section further requires CFIUS, upon notification from the Secretary of Agriculture of a reportable agricultural land transaction (i.e., acquisition of an interest in U.S. agricultural land by a foreign person from a covered country—China, North Korea, Russia, or Iran—that is reportable under the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 and believed to be a covered transaction), to determine whether it is a covered transaction and, if so, whether to initiate review or take other authorized action; these requirements sunset for a covered country upon its removal from the list of foreign adversaries (15 CFR 791.4). (As background, CFIUS reviews foreign investments in U.S. businesses and certain real estate for national security risks.)